Gas-making apparatus



(N0 Mqdel.) 2 She'etsSheet 1.

J. W. KENEVEL. GAS MAKING APPARATUS. No. 522,325. Patented July- 3, 18

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. J, W. KENBVEL. A GAS MAKING APPARATUS.

No. 522,325. 'PatentedJuly 3, I894 zoo-lac; VA f Jo; I A 6,

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. r\ I j UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE."

JEANNOT W. KENEVEL,OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

GAS-MAKlNGAPPARATUS SPECIFICATION forming partof Letters PatentNo'. 5 22,325,dated July 3,1894.

Application filed November 14,1893- $eria1 No. 490,948. (No model.)

To aZZ whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JEANNOT W. KENEVEL, a citizen of the United States, residing at Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, haveinvented a newand useful Improvement in Gas-MakingApparatus, of which the following is a specification.

The object or my invention is to provide a compact structure of apparatus'adapted to generate, by a continuous operation in the single apparatus, fuel-gas v and employ the heat of the products of combustion to generate steam and superheat it for use in manufacturing thep'roducer-gas, and to distill gas from coal in a retort; andalso, to generate gas, for mixture with and enrichment of the .Fig. 3 is a sectiontaken at the line 3 on Fig.

1 and viewed inthe direction of the arrow.

A is the producer-gas or-fuel-gas generator preferably in the formof structure illustrated in Fig. 1 and comprising a transversely downward-tapering or V-shaped base r, containing the ash-pitq, in which is provideda' rotary conveyor p; a rectangular body-portion 0, slightly inclined backward on the inner side of its front wall and vprovided with a boiler-seat n in an offset of its rear wall, the

' front wall then inclining upward and backvalve Z.

Behind the chamber A, and communicating therewith through an upper passage 10,1s a chamber A having at its rear lower end an the upper and lower passages k and The sub-chamber A contains interstitially disposed fire-brick to render it a checker-chamber, and in the sub-chamber A are supported aln umber of retorts 'D, which communicate through pipes g with a water-main G supported on the top of the structure and having an upper gas-outlet f and a lower dischargepipe f for the water.

In the corner of the upper wall of the chamber A, adjacent to thepassage k, is embedded an oil-holderE communicating through a pipe "25 with a hydrocarbon oil supply-holder F and with the water-main 0 through a pipe g.

G is a steam-boiler comprising the reservoirs e and e supported, respectively, on the offset at the rear of the chamber A and at the upper end of the chamber, the two being connected by the vertical flues 6 whereby the boiler is in the path of the products of combustion to the fine is. l I

Between the rear wall of the chamber A and the dependingpartition h is supported a vertical steam-super heating, drum H,communicating at its upper end with the steam- 'dome e and from its lower end with a head d, having air-inlet openings to in its rear end and into which leads a pipe (1, containing a valve 01 and communicating with the oil-' tank F; and from the head d proceeds a pipe 01 which branches at desired pointsinto the chamberA just above the plane of the grate m.

An air-pipe c, communicating with" anairblast (not shown, but in a manner well-known) encircles the body o jof the chamber A and has branches c leading into the'chamberadjacent to the branches of the oil-and-steam pipe (i The operation is as follows: A fire is built on the grate m and coal is piled thereon and blasted with air until it is raised to a condition of incandescence; and the hot products of combustion pass through the flue 7c and passages k and k in the chamber A to the outlet 2', whence they are directed into the water-main C and, if desired, into the branchpipe i. The heat of the products of combustion is not so materially reduced by expenditure on the boiler G, to make steam, and superheater H, to superheat the steam, owing to the small surfaceareas thereof compared with the size of the generating chamber and volume of the fuel-bed, as to render it inadequate to distill gas from coal in the retorts, heat the wall 72, and surroundings in the chamber A suiliciently to cause radiation therefrom to vaporize the oil in the holder E, and heat the gas fixing checkerchamber A lVhen the fire is well under way with the bed of fuel reduced to a glowing mass, and when steam has been generated and superheated to an extent which renders it practically dry steam, the oil and superheated-steam supplies are turned on to be forced into the generating chamber A with the air. Thus a large portion of the heat of the products of combustion expended in generating and superheating steam is returned to the bed of fuel to intensify the combustion thereof; and I find that the amount of the heat of products of combustion expended on the comparatively small boiler and superheater, leaves ample heat therein to exert the desired eifect on the retorts, oil vaporizer and checker-chamber. When, however, the heat of the products of combustion becomes, eventually, reduced below the degree at which its required effect in the chamber A is produced, the blast of oil and steam to the generator is shut off, leaving the fuel to be again raised by the air-blast to desired incandescence before again introducingthe oil and superheated steam. Thus, as will be seen, the apparatus need not operate continuously as a gas-distiller from the retorts and oil-holder, its continuity in that respect being subject to interruption whenever the intensity of the fire in the generating chamber becomes subdued to an extent requiring it to be blasted with air alone, during which time the product is a mere producer-gas.

The products from the holder E and retorts D enter the water-main O; and the products of combustion from the generating chamber pass through the gas-fixing checkerchamber A becoming enriched on the way by taking up hydrocarbon-oil run into the inclined troughs b (which should be readily removable for the purpose of cleaning) from branches t of the pipe 6. The superheated steam meets with the hydrocarbon-oil at the head d and vaporizes and sprays the mixture through the branches of the pipe (Pinto the fuel on the grate m, where it also meets the air from the branches 0'; and, with the apertures w open, air is drawn into the head at by the steam, to commingle with it and the oil-vapor injected into the fire.

The construction of the chamber A shown and described, particularly as to the portion above the V-shaped base, is advantageous in the way of presenting, by the backward inclination of the front walls, a directing course for the products of combustion toward the outlet-flue 7c and at the same time tending to confine them and thus the better promotethe combustion.

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a gas-makin g apparatus, the combination of a generating chamber A and a chamher A communicating therewith and containing a retort-containing chamber A and a checker-chamber A provided with the outlet, a steam-boiler and a steam-superheater connected with it, both interposed in the path of the products of combustion to said outlet, and a hydrocarbon-oil supply-holder F having an outlet-pipe combined with the steamsuperheater outlet and leading thence into said generating chamber, substantially as described.

2. In a gasmaking apparatus, the combination of a generating chamber A and a chamber A communicating therewith through a flue 7a, and containing partitions h and h affording passages and 70 and dividing said chamber into sub-chambers A and A containing, respectively, checker-work and an outlet, and retorts D, a steam-boiler in the chamber A and a steam-superheater II at the entrance to the chamber A and communicating with the dome of the boiler, oil-troughs b in the chamber A, and a hydrocarbon-oil supply-holder F having an outlet-pipe combined with the steam-superheater outlet and leading thence into the chamber A, and havin g branches leading to the said troughs, substantially as described.

3. In a gas-making apparatus, the combination of a generating chamber A and a charm ber A communicating therewith and containin g a retort-chamberA provided with retorts and a checker-chamber A having an outlet and both being in the path of the products of combustion to said outlet, a steam-boiler and a steam-superheater connected with it, both interposed in the path of the products of combustion, a hydraulic main C, with which the retorts communicate, a h ydrocarbon-oil holder E embedded in the wall of'the structure and communicating with said hydraulic main, and a hydrocarbon-oil supply-holder F having an outlet-pipe combined with the steam-superheater outlet and leading thence into the generating chamber, substantially as described.

4:. In a gas-makin g apparatus, the combination of a generating chamber A and a cham- .ber A communicating therewith through a flue k and containing a retort-chamber A provided with retorts and a chamber A provided with the outlet and containing checker-work,

a steam-boiler G comprising the lower and upper heads e and 8' connected by the tubes 2 and interposed in the path of the products of combustion through said flue, a steam-superheater H at the entrance to the chamber A and communicating with the steam-dome of the boiler, a hydraulic main 0 with which the retorts communicate, and a hydrocarbonoil supply-holder F having an outlet-pipe combined with the steam-superheater outlet and leadingthence into the generating chamber, substantially as described.

5. In a gas-making apparatus, the combination of the generating chamber A provided with a flue k and formed with a body-portion 0 provided with the inclined inner front wall and the wall 0' inclining upward and backward toward the said flue, a chamber A behind the chamber A and subdivided into a chamber A provided with an outlet and containing checker-work, and a chamber A communicating with the checker-chamber and containing retorts D, a hydraulic main 0' communicating with the retorts, a steam-boiler and a steam-superheater supported in the structure in the path of the products of combustion, a pi pe-connection between the steamsuperheater and chamber A and an air-blast pipe for the said chamber, substantially as described. a r

6. In a gas-making apparatus, the combination of the generating chamber A provided with a flue k and formed with a V-shaped base 1" affording the ash-pit and containing a rotary conveyer p and a grate m, a body-portion 0 provided with the inclined inner front wall and the wall 0 inclining upward and backward toward said flue, a chamber A behind the chamber A and subdivided into a 

